Tuyere and nozzles



Feb. l2, 1935. H. A. ELLIS 1,990,641

TUYRE AND Noz'zLEs Filed Nov. 9, 1931` A ORNEY Patented Feb. l2, 1935 Lenen UNITED STAT ES VPATENT OFFICE.-

V A 1,990,641 TUYREAND NozzLEs' y Humphrey A. Ellis, Philadelphia, Pa. Application. November 9, 1931, Serial No., 573,861 A 10 claims. (cl. 11n- 44) The object of the invention is to provide improvements Vin the method and apparatus by which line coal and similar fuels are burned, to-

wards the end of obtaining greater efficiency than V has heretofore beenl possible, and hereinafter the term tuyre plate will be uniformly employed to embrace? and indicate the multi-channel unit, while the 4term tuyre will be 4used to designate the individual nozzles formed by one or more 0 tuyre plates, exceptV in such instances as when channels are referred to as such.

A further object is more specically to provide'a tu-yre plate in which the individual channels, or pairs of channels, set up rotary or swirling currents of air, instead' ofthe rectilinear jets Vfrom tuyres of the usual construction', whichV jets permit the air currents discharged under,

charinelled tuyre plates *heretofore used", but,

without tending to disrupt Orrin any way disturb the fuel upon the bed within the range of all usual, pressures of the air supplied.

In thisway the* improved tuyre plate is de Y signed to accomplish Yresults'similar to those resulting from the use of the improved grate bar coyered by Patent Nol-1,701,150, the tuyres hcwever dii-,fusing air substantially horizontallyY through a usually sloping bed of fuel, while theA gratev bar is designed to diffuse air currents upwardly through a substantially dat, fuel bed, in eachoase a` greatly increased quantity of air .being available at the usual pressures employed for full combustion, but without mechanically disturbing the position of the. fuel itself.

Anotherobject is to. so designthe improved tuyre plate that it can be cast inexpensively and without requiring the heretofore necessary coring, with consequent .lossthrough imperfect formation of the several channels, while the im# proved type of air-swirl channels radiate` in convereine pairs about thenormally exposed @11dV portion of they ,tuyra and thereby insurel the difiusion of air Vsubstantially uniformly into all partsof thefuel body. Y Y,

With these and other objects in mind, the inl vention comprises additional details of constructionV and operation, which are fully brought out in the"following description, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in

i which Figglvis a bottom plan view of one eme '5" bodirnent'of'the invention, the top.' of the tuyre which may also represent a lower tuyre plate plate being preferablyflat and unbroken except for apertures as hereinafter'described; Fig. 2v is a side elevation of the improved tuyre plate shown in operative position upon a properlyapertured disc, and bydot-and-dash lines` in the posi-l' 5 tionwhich it assumes in order to be released from such disc or supporting tuyre plate; Figi 3 Y. is a vertical section on the line 3-3 ofv Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a front elevational View of a frage mentary .portion of the' device.

Referring to the drawing, a tuyre plate` com,

' prising one embodiment ofthe invention is shown as restingv operatively upon'a base member .1,

in a diagonally upwardly extending series. vThis V152 base (or lower tuyre plate) is provided with a substantially T-shaped aperture 2, comprising'a relatively narrow portion 3, tapering in one direc.- tion to a point and opening in the other direc" tion into a transversely enlargedl portion 5., sirnif -2-0 larin shape to the aperture 2a in Fig. 1, which has corresponding portions 3a, 4a and 5a. The member- 1 is also provided in spaced relation to the aperture 2 with an elongated aperture 6 Vwhich 4is in shape similar to the aperture 6@ in the 25 tuyre plate'shown in Fig. 1.

VEach Vtuylere plate proper comprises a nor-.- mally at or substantially level section 7', having a 'curvedforward surface 8 to. render the plate farb-shaped at the Iforward or discharge end, parallel sides 9, and an abruptly terminating rear end portion 10 which upon its under side may be beveled as at '11. Extending downwardly from the laterally opposite sides 9 of said tuyre plate are parallel walls 12, which taper upwardly and rearwardly at 13 and at their lower edges 14 rest directly lupon the upper surface 15 of the 'lower meinberl or a lower tuyre plate.

The forward` portion of each tuyre plate is' provided with an integral downwardly `extending locking tongue 16, having Aa rearwardly positioned relatively wide body portion 17g/'and a forwardly extending transversely reduced portion 18,V

which in turn tapers toward a forwardly extending edge 19, the increased width of the rear portion 17 atthe lower extremity of said lastnamed portion projectingforwardly tofform an L-shaped extension 20 upon each of the oppfosite` sides Vof s aidforward portion 18, as clearly shown in Figs. l, 3Y and 4f The rear central portion of each tuyre plate is also provided with an integral dependingstud 2l, the lowermost Surface 22 of which rests directly, upon the upper surface 15 of the member 1 or asin actual pracf tice a lower tuyre plate, said stud being provided with a reduced integral projection 23 which extends normally into the aperture 6 (Fig. 3) of the member 1 or in practice into the aperture 6a in the body of a lower tuyre plate, as shown in Fig. 1.

A series of plates is built up in an upwardly and rearwardly extending diagonal alignment, with the tongue 16 extending through the aperture 2a of a lower tuyre plate and with the projection V23 extending into the aperture 6a, also inthe next lower tuyre plate. In this position it will be noticed that said tongue is in a forward position with the L extensions 20 extending beneath and engaging the under surface of the tuyre plate '7 upon the laterally opposite sides of the narrower portion 32b of the aperture 2a, and with the forward tongue edge 19 positioned in the forward edge 4a of said aperture. In this position, a tuyre plate cannot be raised and released from operative local engagement with a lower tuyre plate, since it cannot be moved longitudinally thereof due to the stud 23 being positioned within the aperture 6a.

However, in order to release a tuyre plate from a supporting tuyre plate there beneath, the rear portion 10 of the upper tuyre plate is raised into the dot-and-dash position 24 (Fig. 2), in order to release the stud 23 from within the aperture 6a. It is then easy to slide the upper tuyre plate longitudinally rearwardly until not only the enlarged portion 17, but the L-shaped extensions 20 of the tongue 16, have retreated into the enlarged portion 59 of the aperture 221, when the forward portion'of the upper tuyre plate may also be removed from engagement with the next lower tuyre plate. Obviously, to replace such upper tuyre plate, vor to substitute therefor another tuyre plate, it is only necessary to reverse this operation by inserting the tongue of the upper through the rearrnost portion of the forward aperture in the latter and then moving the upper tuyre plate forwardly as far as possible, until the stud of the upper is able toA enter the rear aperture of the latter.

Between the forward end portions of the walls 12 and said lockingtongue 16, the under side of the tuyre plate body 7 is provided with spaced depending channel-forming ribs Vtongues partitions of progressively changing shape, each partition extending downwardly into direct contact with the upper surface 15 of the supporting plate (of Fig. 3) or of the next lower tuyre plate. Said last-named partitions are in general divided into twoV sets 25 and 26. Each of the partitions 25 has a forward face in substantial alignment with the forward curved edge portion 8 of the tuyre plate and tapers rearwardly into a decidedly pointed extremity. Each of the intervening partitions 26 forwardly or outwardly is transversely shaped angularly and also tapers into a pointed rear or inner portion. By referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that in general the oppositely positioned forwardly tapering side surfaces 27 of the partitions 26 cooperate with the similarly converging adjacent surfaces 28 of the pair of partitions 25, between which a given partition 26 is positioned in spaced relation therewith.

With Athis construction it will be obvious that air under pressure beneath and to the rear of each tuyre plate, when in operative relation to another tuyre plate, is forced outwardly through each pair of converging nozzles 29 or tuyres formed between a pair of the partitions 25 and an intervening partition 26, so that the air drafts leaving said nozzles tend to cross each other and thereby cause a resulting rotary or swirling motion, similar to the decidedly swirling motion of the air jets passing from the pairs of converging channels in the grate bars described in said Patent No. 1,701,150.

It will also be noted that throughout the length of each air channel between adjacent partitions there is no restricted portion beyond which an individual channel expands, so tha-t the cornbined channel forming partitions 25 and 26 and the locking partition 16 offer but Very little resistance to the passage of a relatively large quantity of air outwardly from each tuyre when in operation. The result is that such a large volume of air, radiating from each tuyre plate around its substantially semi-circular forward portion, is free to enter the relatively ne coal commonly used in industrial furnaces, without tending in any way to disturb the body of such coal, or blow it out of the position in which it is intended to burn, or to localize the burning of such coal upon a bank of plates. Instead, this large Volume of air as it emerges from between the nozzle-forming plates diffuses in all directions, forwardly, upwardly and laterally, through the body of coal as a result of the swirling motion imparted to each jet, as hereinbefore described, by each pair of converging tuyres.

Having in mind the broad principle thus involved, it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to the exact shape of nozzleforming partitions here illustrated, but it is applicable to all shapes and arrangements of channels as well as partitions which are so arranged and directed as to bring about the result thus specified. In fact, one reason for making the channel-forming partitions vertically elongated is obviously due to the ease with which a tuyre plate thus shaped may be cast, Without requiring any coring other thanto provide for the slightly underhanging projections 20 of the locking tongue 16, though by forming the channelengaging partitions in this manner, it is equally obvious that they thus provide air passages or channels which are capable of passing a very large quantity of air with minimum restriction thereto.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters'Patent of the United States is 1. A tuyre platey comprising a body portion provided with spaced partitions extending angularly with respect to said body portion, and longitudinally to the free edge of said body, the outer portions of the opposite sides of the alternate partitions converging and of the intervening partitions diverging and operative when spanned by a second such plate to form pairs of intervening Vtuyres, having outwardly converging terminal portions, operative to direct converging currents of fluid from said tuyre plate.

2. A tuyre plate, comprising a body portion, means to detachably secure said tuyre plate to another tuyre plate, and a series of spaced partitions integral with and extending angularly from said body portion towards the normal relative position of a second tuyre plate and longitudinally substantially to the free edge of said first plate, the longitudinal outer portions of the opposite sides of alternative partitions converging and of intervening partitions diverging, to produce relatively isolated pairs of converging tuyres, when the channels between said partitions are closed by the second plate.

3. A tuyre plate, comprising a body portion provided with spaced partitions extending angularly and longitudinally substantially to the free edge portion of said body, the outer portions of Y the opposite sides of the alternate partitions converging and of the intervening partitions diverging and operative when the intervening channels are closed by a second plate to form intervening pairs of tuyres, and locking means carried by said tuyre plate to operatively secure it to a second plate, and said locking means comprising a dividing wall between adjacent angularly disposed tuyres.

4. A tuyre plate, comprising a series of spaced partitions disposed about a portion of its periphery, the opposite sides of alternate partitions diverging outwardly and the corresponding sides of the intervening partitions converging outwardlyythe spaces-between said partitions being thereby arranged in outwardly converging pairsv and forming in effect laterally directed relatively angularly disposed tuyres, cooperating to produce radially directed swirling jets.

5. A tuyre plate of the type adapted to be disposed in a stepped series, the plate being fanshaped at the discharge end, ribs on one surface of the plate at said end in spaced-apart relation to provide intervening tuyres when "the spaces are bridged by the adjacent plate, said ribs at the discharge ends of the tuyres being alternately pointed and flared in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the plate.

6. A tuyre plate of the type adapted to be disposed in a stepped series, ribs on one surfacev of the plate in spaced-apart relation to provide intervening tuyres when the spaces are bridged by the adjacent plate, said ribs at the discharge ends of the tuyres being alternately pointed and flared in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the plate.

V'7. vA tuyre plate of the type adapted to be disposed in a stepped series, ribs in spaced-apart relation on one surface of the plate pointed in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the plate at` the forward end of the latter, ribs in alternate relation to the first mentioned ribs on the same surface of the plate spaced from the first mentioned ribs and Ailared at the forward end of the plate in the aforesaid plane, providing intervening tuyres between the ribsV when the spacesY are bridged by the adjacent plate.

8. A tuyre plate according to claim 5 wherein the ribs are generally radial from a point intermediate the ends of the plate.

9. A tuyre plate according to claim 7 having means extending beloW the ribs, to interlock with an adjacent plate.

10. A tuyre plate according to claim '7 having means extending vertically beyond the ribs, to interlock with an adjacent plate.

HUMPHREY A. ELLIS. 

